Margin observatory

How much the house really keeps in each competition, measured on real markets. It refreshes itself and the full methodology is below.

Average bookmaker margin
2.70 %

Measured across 319 match-result markets in 29 competitions

Latest data: 07 Aug, 14:50

The range is huge depending on where you bet: from 0.68% in MLB to 5.76% in League One. On the same money staked, that is the difference between an almost fair market and one that keeps several times as much.

Margin by competition

Lowest first. The middle column is what the market returns per 100 staked — the same figure said in money.

CompetitionMarginReturns per 100Markets
MLB0.68 %99.315
Leagues Cup1.44 %98.610
Portugal Primeira Liga1.59 %98.48
Noruega Eliteserien1.74 %98.37
Suecia Allsvenskan1.78 %98.38
Eredivisie1.88 %98.28
MMA2.08 %98.012
ATP Torneos2.19 %97.928
2. Bundesliga2.22 %97.89
Escocia Premiership2.22 %97.86
Brasileirão2.23 %97.810
J League (Japón)2.29 %97.88
China Super League2.35 %97.77
Finlandia Veikkausliiga2.44 %97.66
Irlanda League of Ireland2.46 %97.65
Championship2.48 %97.69
Bélgica First Div2.49 %97.69
K League 1 (Corea)2.54 %97.55
EFL Cup2.93 %97.134
WTA Torneos3.07 %97.026
Suiza Super League3.30 %96.86
Ligue 23.31 %96.89
Argentina Primera División3.50 %96.618
Amistosos de clubes3.51 %96.620
3. Liga3.92 %96.29
Suecia Superettan4.01 %96.17
Polonia Ekstraklasa4.12 %96.08
Austria Bundesliga4.35 %95.85
League One5.76 %94.67

How much odds move before the match

Measured on real picks published here: the odds the tipster took against the price left just before kick-off.

Odds that shortened
45 %
Average cut when they shorten
6.1 %
Largest cut seen
63.7 %

Measured on 168 picks with a complete price series.

Odds shortening means the market agreed with the tipster: money came in on the same outcome after them and the price dropped. For anyone copying the pick, that is money lost by arriving late — those odds are gone. This is CLV seen from the outside, and the reason this platform seals the price at the exact second of publishing.

Full methodology

What is measured: the overround of the match-result market. The implied probabilities of every option are added up; whatever exceeds 100% is the margin. A perfectly fair market would sum to exactly 100%. Where the odds come from: the same board the platform uses to seal picks, refreshed through normal use. Not a single extra API call is made for this page. The bias, stated up front: the odds are Betfair Exchange, one of the tightest markets there is. At a traditional bookmaker margins are considerably higher, so these figures are the FLOOR of the industry, not the average. What is discarded: markets with an overround above 115% (unformed books, not real prices) and negative ones (momentary arbitrage). Only competitions with at least 5 measured markets are published: with fewer, the average is noise.

How that margin compounds in a parlay

Convert odds and see their implied probability

Frequently asked questions about bookmaker margins

How much do bookmakers keep?

It depends enormously on where you bet. In the data on this page, measured on live exchange markets, the average match-result margin sits around 2-3%, with major competitions below 1% and others above 5%. At traditional bookmakers it is usually much more: between 5% and 10% in football, and above 15% in secondary markets and minor sports.

What is the overround or margin of a market?

It is how much a market's implied probabilities add up beyond 100%. If an even match were priced 2.00 and 2.00, each option would imply 50% and the sum would be exactly 100: the house would make nothing. Offering 1.91 and 1.91 pushes the sum to 104.7%, and that extra 4.7% is its margin. The higher it is, the worse for the bettor.

Why do some competitions carry more margin than others?

Liquidity. In a competition with a lot of money moving, competition between bettors tightens the prices and the margin narrows. In a minor league or sport there is little money, nobody corrects the prices, and the house can afford a much larger margin. That is why betting on small markets costs more even when the odds look attractive.

How does the margin affect my profitability?

It is what you must beat before earning a single euro. At a 5% margin, a bettor who hits exactly what the odds say loses that 5% long-term. And in a parlay the margin compounds: five legs at 5% leave an expectation of losing 22.6%. Choosing where you bet matters as much as choosing what you bet.